Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Chapter 2 Review

If you know me, you know I tend not to lie when I can help it. I read the 5 pages the day after they were assigned, and I have no idea what they said. I remember understanding and absorbing it, but the content is slipping my mind. Let's see. Concentrate.

Fortunately we have a pretty friendly class, and someone let me borrow their book for a quick review. The reading was a brief explanation of different writing styles and their uses. Specifically, persuasive writing styles that aim to either define or explain. I always felt that the best explanation include definitions and vice versa, so this distinction was a new concept to me.


It also spoke of the relationships that formed between students and their teachers. This reminded me of modern day scandals, though these practices were considered acceptable to the Greeks and Romans.

Sunday, January 25, 2015

A joke is a joke is a joke...

There is truth in jokes. That’s what makes them funny. In jest nothing is sacred, especially not yourself. This is a bit of an extreme stance when criticizing something can get you killed, so there is a fine line you must walk. I’ve never thought of myself to be a particularly funny person, though I’m fascinated and delighted by those who are. The reason I hold them in such a high regard is that a funny person can show others something they didn’t know about themselves in a way that doesn’t seem demeaning. They can point out the disastrous absurdity of a situation and make you laugh at it. In the face of danger, they make people laugh without fear.

I tend to come across as a bizarre, paranoid, freakish individual when I’ve shown people facts that scare me, so I’ve learned to try and play it cool. You wait, and you wait, and when something strikes your fancy you poke it. You think about it, you think about it again from the exact opposite viewpoint, and you boil a situation down to whatever observed yet incomprehensible insanity is at play. Then you express it in any medium that you can, in a way that will make people laugh. That is the end goal for those that do it well. Not to oppress, but to inspire.

Comedy isn’t for everyone. If you can’t laugh at yourself or something you hold dear, then don’t listen. The comedian has perhaps a greater responsibility, because if you can’t make a joke about something without being incendiary, oppressive, or hateful, then you likely don’t understand the subject enough to make a joke about it. I believe if you are going to use comedy to bring a truth to someone, you must understand them, and use baby steps. If you offend someone outright you will make them feel as if they are being oppressed, especially if they already feel that way.

The Charlie Hebdo attacks in France shocked the world. Sony being hacked because of a movie shocked the world. Frankly it didn’t shock me. When you go out of your way to upset people who are power-hungry or violent, expect a backlash. They are obviously two very different scenarios, but they are similar in that they started as comedy. So in order to learn from our mistakes, let’s examine these scenarios.

Seth Rogen wrote a comedy about two idiots trying to kill a dictator. To most people, including those under his rule, Kim Jong-Un represents greed and abuse of power. Most citizens don’t have the resources to hack a corporation, and most citizens probably wouldn’t have the political motivation to stop the movie anyway. Therefore it was likely someone with a good deal of status and power that wanted to stand on the side of their leader that orchestrated the hack. This particular someone is currently benefiting from a great deal of corruption, and while they should be given the benefit of the doubt that they were brainwashed to believe it isn’t so, they should be set straight.

The French satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo printed a picture of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, which is considered to be offensive to most Muslims. The practice isn’t specifically forbidden in the Quran, though there are books of supplemental teachings that forbid visual depictions of the prophet. The issue didn’t escalate until an inflammatory Dutch cartoon depicting the prophet was released in 2005. Protests and violence began to break out over the cartoon in 2006 when Muslim leaders began condemning the cartoons. 

Islam stresses that the prophet was a man, not a god, and idolatry leads to worship that no man deserves. If idolatry is what Muslims are worried about, creating a depiction of the prophet that is defaming him obviously wouldn’t go over well as a joke. If you remind yourself that Muslims face discrimination all around the world and just recently Muslim women lost the right to wear Hijabs in French schools, you certainly wouldn't forgive the killers, but you might sympathize with the frustrations of Muslims living in western society.

Killing people or censoring their speech isn’t a great way to warm them up to your way of life; neither is insensitivity to important cultural differences. While so many of us were concerned with our western ideas being attacked, a village known as Baga in Nigeria was being demolished. Believed to be the work of Boko Haram, the death toll is still unknown, though it is thought to be around 2,000. This attack is assumed to be politically and economically motivated using religion as legitimization, as Boko Haram has been on a land-capturing campaign for months.

If it didn’t happen on the same day as the Charlie Hebdo attacks, I’m skeptical if the mainstream media would have talked about the attacks in Nigeria at all. I heard about it from an independent news source within a day, and a part of me believes that internet outrage over the lack of coverage is the only reason that it is receiving some screen time on networks now. This is the same group that was responsible for the kidnapping of over 200 Nigerian school girls a few months ago, and that story didn’t receive any coverage until the internet erupted. I only mention this to stress that we can’t forget there are other instances of violence happening every day all around the world, and often times they have more to do with economics and politics than ideological differences.

It isn’t horribly difficult to find world news if you know where to look. However, major media coverage of places and stories that people don’t know anything about can lead to stereotypes and a one dimensional view of a region. The evil or struggle in a region is not the only aspect of it. The culture must also be considered to understand human life in a region, and even still an individual is not shackled to the influences of their environment. No individual should be judged simply by where they are from, and one sided views of the world contribute to these misunderstandings.


Viewing the earth as a whole is difficult, but not impossible. Everything you do has impacts on your environment and other people, sometimes people on the other side of the planet. We are connected because we are all humans that live on the same planet, but true respect and understanding requires acknowledging cultural differences. Good and evil come hand in hand wherever you go; you can’t have one without the other. There will always be minor disagreements, and there will always be great existential conflicts of morality. What matters is how we deal with them, and making each other laugh is a good start.

Sunday, January 18, 2015

Chapter 1 Reflection

While I was reading the first chapter, I was thinking about different arguments I heard that used different persuasive techniques. Politicians were floating through my brain, and the appeals they made to our emotions in order to manipulate our judgment. I remember hearing “scientists” committing logical fallacies on live T.V. in response to climate change. Memories of arguments with my dad came back when he would explain why things were the way they were by saying ‘that’s just the way it is’.
               
 ‘But why?’, I would ask. An argument that includes the assumed premise being argued was being used to hide something from me.

                I was also thinking about all the writers that I look up to of all different disciplines. Snapshots of headlines were running through my brain, some filled with facts, others inflammatory opinion, all designed to pull us in and make us believe. Certain jokes came to mind that I have heard that pointed out the absurdities of culture and politics, crafted in a way to point out the most surreal of human acts in brief highlights to get to the all-encompassing punchline. Then there were the public speakers who I dread having to listen to; those that simply speak elegantly with no content. What are they trying to hide?

                It might be apparent that I don’t remember everything that was in the reading. What I do remember is the idea that creating a compelling argument against an established institution is the responsibility of the rhetorician, while those defending the established institution just get to “sit there looking smug”. The multiple times I’ve seen Bill Nye debating climate change on Fox News came to mind, as well as many brave women fighting for insurance to cover birth control.

                The final thoughts I remember having on the first chapter were regarding the generic crimes of the times that Socrates was charged with and ultimately executed for. What were the generic crimes of some modern dictatorial states, or even democratic states? Corruption of youth sounded familiar, and if you change failure to worship the state gods with treason than the same ideas could be censored in a similar fashion today.

What is truth?: A love story.

                For the sake of brevity, I will begin by saying that I have some trust issues. These are exacerbated when I know someone is trying to affect my decisions, or use some form of power over me. There are advantages and disadvantages to having a crippling suspicion of anything proposed as an absolute in an ever-changing world. One of those advantages is being able to detect when someone is trying to use their power to manipulate you. After practicing your research and pattern analysis, you learn that no one is born corrupt, no one is an expert in everything, and even experts are often wrong. You also learn that most people are good people, and it is still perfectly natural to be suspicious or scared of anything you don’t know, including people. If you want truth you have to find it for yourself, which means learning about anything and everything you can.

                Everything is connected in this world, and deception is around every turn. Any device that can connect to the internet is a salesman, a preacher, a teacher, or any other extension of human thought that you allow it to be. Some of the people you will encounter genuinely believe in doing you a service and do their best to do so; of those some are more effective and/or knowledgeable than others.  There will always be the opposite as well; those who are attempting to hide the truth from you for their benefit. You can assess the integrity and intentions of an active influence by determining what they have to gain by convincing you of their opinions. If a person has no intention other than to help without hurting you or anyone else, you might have found someone you can trust. Be skeptical and be wary, because even those you trust can still lie, intentionally or accidentally. You have to trust someone though; otherwise you are relying on a single perception of the world that you will either never question or will always question, and neither will lead you to the truth.

                Science, by definition, is the human pursuit of the truth; to find out everything we can about everything in order to improve our existence. Of course, that sounds like playing god, which is why the public should be informed of ethical dilemmas in science. Good scientists are interested in finding and defending truth, while simultaneously keeping the company they work for happy. Even good scientists get things wrong. As in any profession, people can get convinced that what they are doing is right no matter what the circumstances are. No one is perfect after all. However, I’d like to stress that it is fairly easy to become a cynic or worse when you begin questioning the integrity of scientists all the time, and as I explained earlier it is easy to assess someone’s integrity. Legitimate, moral, and self-questioning scientists are full of information that could save your life one day.

                If you want some truth, find a piece of non-fiction writing and read it with a critical eye. Fact-check every sentence in the source. Find out what you can about the subject they are writing about, read relevant statistics if you are hearing a single story, find more sources that present different points of view and fact-check them too. Learn to spot logical fallacies in an argument. Find what the general consensus among experts is on any given subject, learn what the outliers believe on either side, and draw your own conclusions based on any irrefutable evidence you may find. Don’t blame yourself if you turn out to be wrong; continue to learn.

                This is going to get a little abstract, but stay with me. You may ask what truth is. The answer is I don’t know. The dictionary says it is the quality or state of being true; in accordance with fact and reality. However, our perceptions of reality are distorted over time, and some people refuse to face reality for different reasons. That means what is true to some people isn’t true to others. If you make an effort to regularly learn more about the world, you get used to the idea of questioning your perception of reality and comparing it to others’ from an empathetic and critical standpoint. This can help you understand why people think what they think is true and can uncover assumed notions that either party may have that weren’t based in reality. If this sounds familiar, it’s what your mom called “using your words”. So go forth and learn all you will, and use what you learn in your interactions with fellow people to find truth.